Features of the Organization of Pre-Trial Investigation of Criminal Offences Against the Sexual Freedom and Sexual Integrity of Children (Part I)

Abstract

The article examines the specific features of the organization of pre-trial investigation of criminal offences against the sexual freedom and sexual integrity of children as a complex, multi-level activity of an interdisciplinary nature, combining procedural, forensic, psychological, and organizational components. The study analyzes contemporary approaches to understanding the essence of the organization of pre-trial investigation and substantiates its significance as an activity aimed at creating appropriate conditions for achieving the objectives of criminal proceedings. Particular attention is paid to the systematization of factors influencing the organization of investigation, which are classified according to the nature of their impact (objective and subjective) and their sphere of manifestation (procedural, forensic, psychological, organizational, and social). A separate group of factors determining the specific nature of the investigation of criminal offences against the sexual freedom and sexual integrity of children is identified. The article further examines international legal standards in the field of child protection, in particular the principle of the best interests of the child and the standards of child-friendly justice, and analyzes their implementation in the national legal system. It is substantiated that the modern model of organizing pre-trial investigation is transforming towards the introduction of a child-centred approach, which involves adapting procedural actions to the age and psychological characteristics of the child, minimizing traumatic impact, and ensuring the safe participation of the child in criminal proceedings. Institutional changes within the system of law enforcement agencies and the prosecution are highlighted, including the establishment of specialized units, the introduction of rapid response mechanisms, and the strengthening of interagency cooperation. Particular attention is given to the role of a psychologist in criminal proceedings involving children, and the necessity of their involvement at all stages of the investigation is substantiated. It is concluded that improving the organization of pre-trial investigation of the examined category of criminal offences should be carried out through the further development of child-centred approaches, institutional consolidation of specific procedures within criminal procedural legislation, expansion of the involvement of specialists, and enhancement of coordination among participants in criminal proceedings.