Rehabilitation of Military Personnel with Mental and Behavioural Disorders Caused by the Use of Psychoactive Substances

Abstract

The article examines the problem of mental and behavioural disorders caused by the use of psychoactive substances among Ukrainian military personnel and substantiates the need for their comprehensive psychological rehabilitation. It is established that dependence on psychoactive substances is a complex biopsychosocial phenomenon combining physiological, psychological and social factors and, according to ICD-10, belongs to the category of mental and behavioural disorders. It is proved that under conditions of war, prolonged stay in combat zones, loss of comrades, chronic stress and post-traumatic stress disorder, the risk of developing substance dependence among military personnel significantly increases. Psychoactive substances are often perceived as a means of temporary relief from anxiety, depression and emotional exhaustion, which, in turn, leads to aggravation of mental disorders and social maladjustment. The relationship between combat stress, PTSD and the development of addiction is analysed, and the legal consequences of this phenomenon, including the possibility of recognising a person as having diminished responsibility or being legally insane, are characterised. It is substantiated that traditional medical treatment methods do not ensure sustainable results without psychosocial rehabilitation. The study proves that rehabilitation is the most effective way to overcome addiction among military personnel, since it combines psychological support, social adaptation and the formation of new behavioural patterns. Particular attention is paid to a psychosocial rehabilitation programme.