THE CONCEPT OF STATE`S POSITIVE PROCEDURAL OBLIGATIONS TO CONDUCT EFFECTIVE INVESTIGATION AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH MATERIAL OBLIGATIONS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34015/2523-4552.2026.2.20Keywords:
criminal proceedings, pre-trial investigation, effective investigation, human rights, positive obligations, European Court on Human RightsAbstract
This article examines the evolution of the state’s positive procedural obligations as a safeguard against violations of substantive aspects. To achieve this, the author focuses on analysing key international instruments that define the content of fundamental human rights, specific scientific works in this area, as well as the relevant case law of the European Court of Human Rights, which applied dynamic and systematic methods of interpretation that ultimately contributed to the formulation of the concept of positive procedural obligations. Furthermore, characteristics that may define the positive obligations of the state and its representatives are identified in the research. It has also been concluded that two subtypes of procedural obligations can be identified: firstly, the establishment and functioning of a criminal justice system; secondly, the direct obligation to conduct an effective investigation for specific cases of infringements. Regarding the relationship between procedural and substantive obligations, their autonomous and independent nature has been summarised.
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