G. Mikanadze PAROLE AND SPECIAL CATEGORIES OF PRISONERS IN GEORGIA
Keywords:
penitentiary practice, special categories, life-sentenced, juvenile, foreign prisoners, behavior, jurisdictionAbstract
This paper discusses the Georgian practice of parole concerning special categories of prisoners. With «special categories of prisoners» life-sentenced, juvenile, female and foreign prisoners are meant. Although this is not an exhaustive list, the groups mentioned here represent the main special categories of prisoners in Geor-gian penitentiary practice. It states that the procedures for parole are of particular importance because of their role in limiting the use and reducing the negative ef-fects of imprisonment and supporting the re-integration of prisoners. Treatment of different categories of prisoners (e.g. juvenile prisoners, foreign prisoners and lifers) in Georgia and in some European countries is demonstrated. The legislative basis and practice of the parole system concerning special categories of prisoners in Georgia is reviewed. It is stressed that Georgia, as a member of the Council of Europe, should review the present legislation on supervision of parolees who are the foreign nationals, in line with the 1964 European Convention.
References
2. Coyle A. Human Rights Approach to Prison Management. 2nd edt. International Centre for Prison Studies publication. London, 2009. 168 р.
3. 25th General Report of the CPT, 1 January – 31 December 2015, Situation of life-sentenced prisoners, Council of Europe publication, 2016. 73 р.
4. Criminal Code of Georgia, 22.07.1999.
5. Juvenile Justice Code of Georgia, 12.06.2015.
6. Criminal Code of Republic of Moldova, 18.04.2002. Article 71(3).
7. Criminal Code of Republic of Armenia, 18.04.2003. Article 60(2).
8. Padfield N., van Zyl Smit D., Dunkel F. Release from Prison – European Policy and Practice. Devon, UK : Willan Publishing, 2010. 460 p.
9. Murdoch J. The treatment of prisoners. European standards. Council of Europe publishing, 2008. 405 p.
10. Council of Europe Annual Penal Statistics (SPACE I), data by 01.09.2015, Strasbourg, 15 December 2016. URL: www.pc-cp\space\documents\pc-cp(2016)6.
11. Letter from the Ministry of Corrections of Georgia, MOC 41700415021, 02.06.2017.
12. Vinter and Others v. the UK [GC], nos. 66069/09, 130/10 and 3896/10, 9 July 2013. Also other related cases: Törköly v Hungary, nos. 4413/06 5 April 2011; Čačko v Slovakia, nos. 49905/08, 22 July 2014.
13. Code of Imprisonment of Georgia, 09.03.2010.
14. UN Convention on the Rights of a Child, Article 40(3(a)).
15. General comment No. 10 (2007): Children’s Rights in Juvenile Justice, UN Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC), CRC/C/GC/10, 25 April 2007. URL: http://www.refworld.org/docid/4670fca12.html
16. World Prison Brief. data, as for 31.01.2017. URL: http://prisonstudies.org/ country/georgia
17. Order of the Minister of Corrections on approval of the number of Parole Boards, Territorial Judgment and Statute of the Parole Board of the Ministry of Corrections of Geor-gia # 138 (19.10.2015).
18. Highest to Lowest – Female prisoners URL: http://www.prisonstudies. org/highest-to-lowest/female-prisoners?field_region_taxonomy_tid=All (31/12/2017)
19. UN Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules), UN Resolution 65/229, 21 December 2010, Rule 63.
20. Commentary to the UN Rules for the Treatment of Women Prisoners and Non-custodial Measures for Women Offenders (the Bangkok Rules), UNODC, pg. 46.URL: https://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/Bangkok_Rules_ ENG_22032015.pdf
21. Highest to Lowest - Foreign prisoners (percentage of prison population) URL: http://www.prisonstudies.org
22. Council of Europe Recommendation R(84)12 concerning Foreign Prisoners, Preamble.
23. Council of Europe Recommendation CM/Rec(2012)12 concerning Foreign Prisoners.
24. European Committee on Crime Problems (CDPC), Commentary to Recommendation CM/Rec(2012)12 concerning Foreign Prisoners, 06.09.2012.
25. Official data on prison population in Georgia for 2015, Table #32–12, web-site of the Ministry of Corrections of Georgia. URL: http://www.moc.gov.ge/images/temp/ 2017/06/02/d4a8c18689d1447d239ff30b91c5213c.pdf
26. Law of Georgia on Procedure of Execution of Non-custodial Penalties and Proba-tion, 19.06.2007. URL: http://www.probation.gov.ge/admin/editor/ up-loads/files/2016/Law%20on%20Procedure%20of%20Execution%20of%20Non-custodial%20Penalties%20and%20Probation.pdf
27. Commentary to the United Nations rules for the treatment of women prisoners and non-custodial measures for women offenders (The Bangkok Rules), prepared by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), 23–29 November 2009, Bangkok, Thai-land, URL: ttps://www.unodc.org/documents/justice-and-prison-reform/Bangkok_ Rules_ENG_22032015.pdf.
28. Opinions by the Council of Europe experts R. Canton and L. Gandini on the Law on enforcement of non-custodial sentences and probation of Georgia, DG-HL (2010)9, Strasbourg, 2010, para. 21, pg. 6.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2018 G. Mikanadze

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.




CC License Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)