ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE СORRECTIONAL-LABOR SYSTEM OF THE KHARKIV REGION IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

Abstract

The article analyzes the principles of organizing the activities and implementation of the reforms of the correctional-labor system in the 50s - 60s of the XX century. They are analyzed on examples of the penal bodies and institutions of the Kharkiv region of the Ukrainian SSR.

In the process of implementation of the reforms of the punishment system any experience, in particular the historical one, acquires not only the theoretical but also the practical value. The considerable changes, which took place in the Soviet correctional-labor system in the post-war period (the 50s - 60s of the XX century) give the key to better understanding of the baselines, which became the basis of further activities of the penal bodies and institutions of the Ukrainian SSR.

The end of the Second World War brought certain humanization to the sphere of punishment. It resulted in rethinking of the principles and priorities of the criminal policy and its criminal-executive component, in particular, the principles of the activities of the penal bodies and institutions. In the post-war period the relevant changes were aimed at strengthening the educational impact on the sentenced persons. Labor, vocational training and mastery of the labor profession should be the elements of the correctional and educational influence, as well as further adaptation to the socially useful life.

In the 50s - 60s there were the following criminal-executive institutions in the Kharkiv region: pretrial prison, correctional-labor establishments and labor establishments for juveniles. After the end of the war the correctional-labor establishments of the Kharkiv region experienced the difficult period of recovery and further development. Given the importance of the national economy development at that time, the activities of the correctional-labor establishments were aimed at using the inmates as the labor force in the industrial sector. At the same time, the correction problems were solved by involving convicts into the socially useful work. The secondary schools and training courses constituted the most important correctional factor at the correctional-labor establishments of the Kharkiv region. Different professions were obtained by the convicts there.